In an era defined by relentless cyber threats, ransomware attacks remain one of the most damaging and disruptive forms of cybercrime. But what is a ransomware attack exactly?

It is a form of malicious software that encrypts critical data and holds it hostage until a ransom is paid, often leaving organisations crippled and exposed.

Recent reports show that the average cost of a ransomware incident, including downtime, recovery and ransom payments, can run into millions. And with these attacks becoming more frequent and sophisticated, the need for prevention is urgent.

In this article, we’ll cover:

• What Is a Ransomware Attack?
• The Technical Vulnerabilities Cybercriminals Exploit
• How Phishing and Ransomware Attacks Are Related
• Why Updating Systems Is Still Essential
• Actionable Strategies to Prevent Ransomware Attack
• How to Safeguard Your Business with Expert Support

What Is a Ransomware Attack?

A ransomware attack is a malware-based event where files on a victim’s device or network are encrypted and made inaccessible. Attackers then demand payment, typically in cryptocurrency, in exchange for the decryption key.

Ransomware spreads in a number of ways, including phishing emails, compromised websites or through vulnerabilities in outdated software. Once inside, the malware can move laterally across a network, often remaining undetected until the damage is already done.

The Technical Vulnerabilities Cybercriminals Exploit

Understanding the weaknesses ransomware actors target is the first step in mounting an effective defence.

Lack of Cybersecurity Training

Many ransomware infections stem from human error. Employees may fall for phishing emails or unknowingly download infected attachments simply because they are not equipped with the knowledge to spot red flags.

What to do

• Deliver mandatory cybersecurity training
• Include modules on phishing, password best practices and social engineering
• Keep employees updated on the latest attack trends

Weak Passwords and Poor Access Controls

Passwords are often the easiest entry point for cybercriminals. Weak or reused passwords, lack of multi-factor authentication (MFA), and poor access controls make it easy for attackers to breach critical systems.

What to do

• Enforce complex password policies and regular changes
• Enable MFA across all endpoints and platforms
• Perform regular access audits and eliminate dormant accounts

Poor User Practices

Clicking unknown links, downloading unverified files or bypassing security warnings are all too common. These behaviours, while often unintentional, create easy access points for ransomware.

What to do

• Promote a culture of cyber safety with clear IT usage policies
• Require staff to read and acknowledge those policies
• Monitor and flag risky online behaviours internally

How Phishing and Ransomware Attacks Are Related

Phishing is one of the most common delivery methods for ransomware. Attackers craft emails that appear legitimate, often impersonating trusted sources to trick recipients into clicking a malicious link or downloading a file.

Once clicked, ransomware deploys in the background, encrypting data and often spreading across the network.

What to do

• Use machine learning-based spam filters to block phishing attempts
• Train employees to spot suspicious emails, even if they appear authentic
• Run regular phishing simulations to test staff awareness

Why Updating Systems Is Still Essential

Cybercriminals actively target systems running outdated software, plugins or applications. These often contain known vulnerabilities that ransomware can exploit.

What to do

• Enable automatic updates where possible
• Regularly update all operating systems, third-party apps and firmware
• Use vulnerability scanning to check for unpatched systems
• Work with a managed service provider to stay compliant

Actionable Strategies to Prevent Ransomware Attacks

If prevention is the goal, the following strategies should form the foundation of your defence:

• Roll out multi-factor authentication across all services
• Back up business-critical data regularly, including an offline copy
• Monitor endpoints for suspicious behaviour
• Segment your network to contain breaches
• Educate users continuously, not just once a year
• Partner with cyber experts for incident response readiness

How to Safeguard Your Business with Expert Support

Cybersecurity is complex, and ransomware attacks are evolving. That is why many organisations choose to partner with experts who can provide end-to-end protection.

At Lyon Tech, we help businesses defend themselves with:

• Managed threat detection and response
• Cyber awareness training
• IT security policies and compliance frameworks
• Phishing protection and spam filtering
• Real-time monitoring of patch and system status

Speak to our cyber specialists today to discover how we can support your business, reduce risk and improve your ability to respond quickly if an attack occurs.